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Kunyangwe zvakajairika modhi choki yakakurumbira, imwe mukana ndeye monolithic EMI sefa. Kana iyo dhizaini ichine musoro, aya multilayer ceramic zvikamu zvinogona kupa zvakanakisa zvakajairika maitiro kudzvinyirira.
Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinowedzera kuwanda kwe "ruzha" kupindira kunogona kukuvadza kana kukanganisa kushanda kwezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi. Motokari yemazuva ano muenzaniso chaiwo. Mumotokari, unogona kuwana Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, satellite redhiyo, GPS masisitimu, uye uku ndiko kutanga. Kuti ugadzirise rudzi urwu rwekuvhiringidza ruzha, indasitiri inowanzo shandisa kudzivirira uye EMI mafirita kubvisa ruzha rusingadiwe. Asi ikozvino dzimwe mhinduro dzechinyakare dzekubvisa EMI/RFI hadzichashandi.
Dambudziko iri rakonzera kuti maOEM mazhinji adzivise sarudzo dzakadai se2-capacitor musiyano, 3-capacitor (imwe X capacitor uye maviri Y capacitor), feedthrough mafirita, yakajairika mode inodzipwa, kana musanganiswa weizvi kuti uwane mamwe akakodzera mhinduro. Semuenzaniso, muMonolithic EMI sefa ine zvirinani kudzvinyirira mupakeji diki.
Kana michina yemagetsi inogamuchira mafungu akasimba emagetsi, mafungu asingadiwe anogona kukweverwa mudunhu uye kukonzera kushanda kusingatarisirwe-kana kukanganisa kushanda kwakarongwa.
EMI/RFI inogona kunge iri muchimiro chekuitwa kana kupiswa kwemhepo. Kana EMI ichiitwa, zvinoreva kuti ruzha runopararira pamwe nemagetsi conductor. Kana ruzha ruchiparidzwa mumhepo nenzira yemagineti kana masaisai eredhiyo, radiated EMI inoitika.
Kunyangwe simba rinoshandiswa kubva kunze riri diki, kana rakasanganiswa nemasaisai eredhiyo anoshandiswa kutepfenyura nekutaurirana, zvinokonzeresa kutadza kwekugamuchira, ruzha rusina kujairika, kana kukanganisa kwevhidhiyo. Kana simba racho rakanyanyisa, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinogona kukuvara.
Zvitubu zvinosanganisira ruzha rwechisikigo (sekubuda kwemagetsi, mwenje, uye kumwe kunobva) uye ruzha rwekugadzira (senge ruzha rwekubata, kushandiswa kweyepamusoro-frequency leakage equipment, inokuvadza mwaranzi, nezvimwewo). Kazhinji, EMI/RFI ruzha rwakajairika modhi ruzha, saka mhinduro ndeye kushandisa EMI mafirita kubvisa zvisingadiwe yakakwirira ma frequency sechinhu chakasiyana kana chakamisikidzwa mubhodhi redunhu.
EMI sefa EMI sefa inowanzo umbwa nezvinongoita zvinhu, senge capacitors uye inductors, ayo akabatana kugadzira dunhu.
"Mainductor anobvumira DC kana yakaderera-frequency ikozvino kuti ipfuure, ichivharira zvinokuvadza zvisingadiwi zvakakwirira-frequency currents. Macapacitor anopa yakaderera-impedance nzira yekuendesa yakakwira-frequency ruzha kubva pakupinza kwesefa kudzokera kusimba kana pasi kubatana, "akadaro Johanson Dielectrics Christophe Cambrelin akati kambani inogadzira multilayer ceramic capacitors uye EMI mafirita.
Nzira dzechinyakare dzechinyakare dzekusefa dzinosanganisira mafirita epasi-pasi achishandisa macapacitor anopfuudza masaini ane ma frequency akaderera pane akasarudzwa cutoff frequency uye attenuate masaini ane ma frequency akakwira kupfuura cutoff frequency.
Chinhu chakajairika chekutanga ndechekuisa peya ye capacitor mukusiyana kwekugadzirisa, uchishandisa capacitor pakati pega yega trace uye ivhu rekusiyanisa kupinza. Iyo capacitor sefa mubazi rega rega inotamisa EMI/RFI pasi pamusoro peiyo yakatarwa cutoff frequency. Sezvo gadziriro iyi inosanganisira kutumira masaini echikamu chakatarisana kuburikidza newaya mbiri, inovandudza chiratidzo-ku-ruzha reshiyo uchitumira ruzha rusingadiwi pasi.
"Zvinosuruvarisa, iyo capacitance value yeMLCCs ine X7R dielectrics (inowanzo shandiswa basa iri) inosiyana zvakanyanya nenguva, bias voltage, uye tembiricha," akadaro Cambrelin.
“Saka kunyangwe aya maviri macapacitor akanyatso kuenderana pakudziya kwekamuri uye yakaderera voltage, pane imwe nguva, kana nguva, voltage, kana tembiricha zvachinja, anogona kupedzisira ave nehunhu hwakasiyana. Rudzi urwu rwepakati pemitsetse miviri Kusapindirana kunokonzeresa mhinduro dzisina kuenzana pedyo nesefa cutoff. Naizvozvo, inoshandura ruzha-ruzha kuita ruzha rwakasiyana. "
Imwe mhinduro ndeye bhiriji kukosha kukuru "X" capacitor pakati peaviri "Y" capacitor. Iyo "X" capacitor shunt inogona kupa inodiwa yakajairwa-modhi yekuenzanisa maitiro, asi inoburitsa isingadiwe musiyano wechiratidzo kusefa mhedzisiro. Zvichida mhinduro yakajairika uye imwe nzira kune yakaderera-pass mafirita ndiwo akajairika maitiro anodzipwa.
Iyo yakajairika modhi inodzipa ndeye 1: 1 shanduri umo ese ari maviri mamhepo anoita seyekutanga uye yechipiri. Munzira iyi, mhepo inopfuura nepaimwe inomonereka inokonzera kupesana kwezvino mune imwe mhepo. Nehurombo, zvakajairwa modhi choki zvakare inorema, inodhura, uye inotadza kutadza kunokonzerwa nekuzunguzika.
Zvakangodaro, yakakodzera yakajairika modhi inodzipa neyakakwana yekufananidza uye kubatanidza pakati pemamhepo inopenya kune akasiyana masaini uye ine yakakwira impedance kune yakajairwa modhi ruzha. Imwe yakashata yeyakajairwa modhi chokes ndeye shoma frequency renji inokonzerwa neparasitic capacitance. Kune yakapihwa yakakosha zvinhu, iyo yakakwira inductance inoshandiswa kuwana yakaderera frequency kusefa, iyo yakakura nhamba yekutendeuka inodiwa uye iyo parasitic capacitance inouya nayo, ichiita yakakwira frequency kusefa kusashanda.
Mismatches mumakanika ekugadzira kushivirira pakati pemamhepo anogona kukonzera kutendeuka kwemodhiyo, umo chikamu chesimba rechiratidzo chinoshandurwa kuita ruzha rwemhando, uye zvinopesana. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anokonzeresa kuenderana kwemagetsi uye nyaya dzekudzivirira. Kusapindirana kunoderedzawo inductance inoshanda yegumbo rimwe nerimwe.
Chero zvazvingava, kana iyo yekusiyanisa chiratidzo (pasi) ichishanda mune imwechete frequency renji seyakajairwa modhi ruzha runofanira kudzvinyirirwa, iyo yakajairika mode inodzipa ine mukana wakakura pane dzimwe sarudzo. Uchishandisa yakajairwa modhi kudzika, iyo chiratidzo passband inogona kukwidziridzwa kune yakajairwa modhi stopband.
Monolithic EMI mafirita Kunyangwe akajairwa modhi choki ane mukurumbira, imwe mukana ndeye monolithic EMI mafirita. Kana iyo dhizaini ichine musoro, aya multilayer ceramic zvikamu zvinogona kupa zvakanakisa zvakajairika maitiro kudzvinyirira. Ivo vanosanganisa maviri akaenzana akaenzana capacitor mupakeji imwe, ine mutual inductance kudzima uye kudzivirira mhedzisiro. Masefa aya anoshandisa nzira mbiri dzakazvimiririra dzemagetsi mumudziyo mumwe chete wakabatana nemakonesheni mana ekunze.
Kudzivirira kuvhiringidzika, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti iyo monolithic EMI sefa haisi yechinyakare feedthrough capacitor. Kunyangwe iwo achitaridzika akafanana (pasuru imwechete uye chitarisiko), magadzirirwo awo akasiyana, uye nzira dzekubatanidza dzawo dzakasiyana. Kufanana nemamwe mafirita eEMI, monolithic EMI sefa inodzora simba rese pamusoro peyakatemwa-yakatemwa frequency, uye inongosarudza inodiwa chiratidzo simba kuti ipfuure, uku ichiendesa ruzha rusingadiwe ku "pasi".
Nekudaro, kiyi yakanyanya kuderera inductance uye inofananidzwa impedance. Kune monolithic EMI sefa, iyo terminal yakabatana nemukati kune yakajairika referensi (shielding) electrode mumudziyo, uye bhodhi rinoparadzaniswa nereferenzi electrode. Panyaya yemagetsi akamira, iwo matatu emagetsi node anoumbwa neaviri capacitive halves, ayo anogovana akajairwa referensi electrode, ese mareferenzi emagetsi anowanikwa mune imwechete ceramic body.
Chiyero pakati pemahafu maviri e capacitor zvinoreva zvakare kuti piezoelectric mhedzisiro yakaenzana uye yakatarisana, ichidzima imwe neimwe kunze. Ukama uhwu hunokanganisawo shanduko yetembiricha nemagetsi, saka zvikamu zviri pamitsara miviri zvine mwero wakafanana wekuchembera. Kana aya monolithic EMI mafirita aine dhizaini, haagone kushandiswa kana yakajairika modhi ruzha rwuri rwakafanana frequency sechiratidzo chekusiyanisa. "Panyaya iyi, yakajairika modhi inodzipwa ndiyo mhinduro iri nani," Cambrelin akadaro.
Bhurawuza yazvino chinyorwa cheNyika Dhizaini uye nyaya dzakapfuura mune iri nyore kushandisa, yemhando yepamusoro fomati. Rongedza, govana uye dhawunirodha nekukurumidza neinotungamira dhizaini mainjiniya magazini.
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