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Munyika yedu yakanaka, kuchengeteka, kunaka uye kushanda kwakakosha.Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zvisinei, mari yechikamu chekupedzisira, kusanganisira ferrite, yakava iyo inogadzirisa.Chinyorwa ichi chinotarisirwa kubatsira vagadziri vekugadzira kuwana zvimwe zvinhu zveferrite kuderedza. mutengo.
Izvo zvinodikanwa zvemukati zvezvinhu zvemukati uye core geometry zvinotemwa nechero application.Isikwarirwo zvinhu zvinotonga kushanda mune yakaderera masaini level zvikumbiro zvinopinda (kunyanya tembiricha), yakaderera core kurasikirwa, uye yakanaka magineti kugadzikana nekufamba kwenguva uye tembiricha.Zvishandiso zvinosanganisira yakakwirira-Q. inductors, common mode inductors, Broadband, matched and pulse transformers, radio antenna elements, and active and passive repeaters.Pamashandisirwo emagetsi, high flux density uye kurasikirwa kwakaderera pakushanda frequency uye tembiricha zvinhu zvinodikanwa.Zvikumbiro zvinosanganisira switch-mode magetsi ekushandisa electric mota bhatiri kuchaja, magineti amplifiers, DC-DC converters, magetsi mafirita, ignition coils, uye transformer.
Iyo intrinsic pfuma ine simba guru pane yakapfava ferrite kuita mukudzvanya maapplication ndiyo yakaoma permeability [1], iyo inoenzana neimpedance yepakati.Pane nzira nhatu dzekushandisa ferrite seanodzvanyirira zviratidzo zvisingadiwe (zvinoitwa kana kupenya. ).Yekutanga, uye isinganyanyozivikanwa, yakaita senhovo inoshanda, uko maferrite anoshandiswa kupatsanura makondakita, zvikamu kana maseketi kubva kune inopenya yakarasika magineti emagetsi.Muchikumbiro chechipiri, ferrite inoshandiswa ne capacitive elements kugadzira pasi shoma. sefa, kureva inductance - capacitive at low frequencies and dissipation at high frequencies.The yechitatu uye inonyanya kushandiswa ndeye apo ferrite cores inoshandiswa yoga pachikamu chinotungamira kana bhodhi-level circuits.Muchikumbiro ichi, ferrite core inodzivirira chero parasitic oscillations uye/ kana kutapudza zvisingadiwe chiratidzo chepikicha kana kutapurirana izvo zvinogona kuparadzira pamwe nechikamu chinotungamira kana chinobatana, chinoteedzera kana tambo.Muchikumbiro chechipiri nechitatu, ferrite cores inodzvanya inoitiswa EMI nekubvisa kana kuderedza zvakanyanya ma frequency emhepo anodhonzwa neEMI masosi.Kusumwa kweferrite kunopa. yakakwira yakaringana frequency impedance yekudzvanya ma frequency currents.Pakuti ferrite yakanakira yaizopa yakakwira impedance paEMI frequencies uye zero impedance pane mamwe ma frequency. yakanyanya impedance inogona kuwanikwa pakati pe10 MHz uye 500 MHz zvichienderana neiyo ferrite zvinhu.
Sezvo ichienderana nemisimboti yeinjiniya yemagetsi, uko AC voltage uye ikozvino inomiririrwa neyakaomesesa parameters, iyo permeability yechinhu inogona kuratidzwa seyakaomesesa parameter ine chaiyo uye yekufungidzira zvikamu. Permeability inopatsanurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri. Chikamu chaicho (μ') chinomiririra chikamu chinoshanda, chiri muchikamu neanotsinhanisa magineti [2], nepo chikamu chekufungidzira (μ”) chinomiririra kurasikirwa, izvo zvisiri muchikamu ne alternating magnetic field.Izvi zvinogona kuratidzwa sezvikamu zvakatevedzana (μs'μs”) kana muchikamu chakafanana (µp'µp”).Iwo magirafu ari muFigure 1, 2, uye 3 anoratidza zvikamu zvakatevedzana zvezvakaoma zvekutanga permeability sebasa re frequency yezvinhu zvitatu zveferrite.Material type 73 is manganese-zinc ferrite, the first magnetic The conductivity is 2500. Material type 43 is nickel zinc ferrite ine first permeability ye850. Material type 61 is nickel zinc ferrite ine first permeability ye125.
Tichitarisa pane zvakatevedzana chikamu cheRudzi rwe61 zvinhu muFigure 3, tinoona kuti chikamu chaicho chepermeability, μs ', chinoramba chiripo nekuwedzera kwehuwandu kusvikira nguva yakaoma yasvika, uye inoderera nokukurumidza.Kurasikirwa kana μs "inokwira uye yobva yakwirira sekudonha kwa μs.Uku kudzikira kwe μs kunokonzerwa nekutanga kweferrimagnetic resonance.[3] Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti iyo yakakwirira yepermeability, zvakanyanya Iyo yakaderera frequency.Hukama uhwu hwakapesana hwakatanga kucherechedzwa naSnoek ndokupa fomula inotevera:
uko: ƒres = μs” frequency pahupamhi γ = gyromagnetic reshiyo = 0.22 x 106 A-1 m μi = pekutanga permeability Msat = 250-350 Am-1
Sezvo ferrite cores inoshandiswa muzinga rezasi rechiratidzo uye kushandiswa kwesimba kunotarisa kune magineti parameters pasi peiyi nguva yakawanda, vagadziri veferrite havawanzo buditsa permeability uye / kana kurasikirwa data pamatunhu akakwirira.Zvisinei, data yepamusoro yepamusoro inokosha pakutsanangura ferrite cores yeEMI kudzvinyirira.
Chimiro icho vazhinji vanogadzira ferrite vanotsanangura kune zvikamu zvinoshandiswa EMI kudzvinyirira ndeye impedance.Impedance inoyerwa nyore nyore pane inotengeswa inoshambadzira analyzer ine yakananga digital readout.Sezvineiwo, impedance inowanzotsanangurwa pane yakatarwa frequency uye scalar inomiririra ukuru hweiyo yakaoma. Impedance vector.Kunyange zvazvo ruzivo urwu rwakakosha, kazhinji haruna kukwana, kunyanya pakuenzanisa dhipatimendi rekuita ferrites.Kuti uite izvi, iyo impedance kukosha uye chikamu chekona chechikamu, kana kuoma kwakaoma kwezvinhu zvakananga, kunofanira kuwanikwa.
Asi kunyange vasati vatanga kuenzanisira kushanda kwezvikamu zveferrite munharaunda, vagadziri vanofanira kuziva zvinotevera:
apo μ'= chikamu chaicho chekupinda kwakaoma μ”= chikamu chekufungidzira chekupinda kwakaoma j = yekufungidzira vhekita yeyuniti Lo= air core inductance
Iyo impedance yesimbi musimboti inoonekwawo seyakateedzana musanganiswa weiyo inductive reactance (XL) uye kurashikirwa kuramba (Rs), ese ari maviri anotsamira.
uko: Rs = yakazara nhevedzano kuramba = Rm + Re Rm = yakaenzana nhevedzano kuramba nekuda kwekurasikirwa kwemagineti Re = yakaenzana nhevedzano kuramba kwekurasikirwa kwemhangura
Pazvishoma zvishoma, iyo impedance yechikamu inonyanya inductive.Sezvo kuwandisa kunowedzera, inductance inoderera apo kurasikirwa kunowedzera uye kukanganisa kwese kunowedzera. .
Ipapo iyo inductive reactance inoenderana nechaiyo chikamu cheiyo yakaoma permeability, naLo, iyo air-core inductance:
Kurasika kuramba kunoenderanawo nechikamu chekufungidzira cheiyo yakaoma permeability neyakafanana nguva dzose:
MuEquation 9, iyo core material inopiwa ne µs' and µs”, uye iyo core geometry inopiwa naLo. Naizvozvo, mushure mekuziva kuomesesa kupinza kwemaferrite akasiyana, kuenzanisa kunogona kuitwa kuti uwane iyo yakanyanya kufanira zvinhu pane inodiwa. Kuwanda kana kuti frequency range
Kuenzanisa kwepakati maumbirwo uye core zvinhu zve impedance optimization yakatwasuka kana mugadziri achipa girafu yezvakaoma permeability maringe ne frequency ye ferrite zvinhu zvinokurudzirwa kudzvinyirira application.Sezvineiwo, ruzivo urwu haruwanikwe.Zvisinei, vazhinji vanogadzira vanopa yekutanga permeability uye kurasikirwa maringe ne frequency. curves.Kubva pane iyi data kuenzanisa kwezvinhu zvinoshandiswa kugadzirisa core impedance inogona kutorwa.
Tichireva Mufananidzo 6, iyo yekutanga permeability uye dissipation factor [4] yeFair-Rite 73 zvinhu zvinopesana ne frequency, tichifunga kuti mugadziri anoda kuvimbisa kuvharika kwakanyanya pakati pe100 ne900 kHz.73 zvinhu zvakasarudzwa.Nekuda kwezvinangwa zvekuenzanisira, mugadziri zvakare. inoda kunzwisisa zvinogadzirisa uye zvinodzivirira zvikamu zve impedance vector pa 100 kHz (105 Hz) uye 900 kHz. Ruzivo urwu runogona kutorwa kubva pane inotevera chati:
Pa100kHz μs ' = μi = 2500 uye (Tan δ / μi) = 7 x 10-6 nokuti Tan δ = μs ”/ μs' ipapo μs” = (Tan δ / μi) x (μi) 2 = 43.8
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti, sezvaitarisirwa, iyo μ” inowedzera zvishoma kune yakazara permeability vector pane iyi yakaderera frequency.Iyo impedance yepakati inonyanya inductive.
Vagadziri vanoziva kuti musimboti unofanirwa kugamuchira # 22 waya uye kupinda munzvimbo ye 10 mm x 5 mm. Iyo dhayamita yemukati ichatsanangurwa se 0.8 mm. Kugadzirisa inofungidzirwa impedance uye zvikamu zvayo, tanga wasarudza bead ine dhayamita yekunze 10 mm uye kureba kwe5 mm:
Z= ωLo (2500.38) = (6.28 x 105) x .0461 x log10 (5/.8) x 10 x (2500.38) x 10-8= 5.76 ohms pa100 kHz
Muchiitiko ichi, semuzviitiko zvakawanda, kukanganisa kwakanyanya kunowanikwa nekushandisa OD diki ine urefu hwakareba.Kana iyo ID yakakura, semuenzaniso 4mm, uye zvinopesana.
Nzira imwechete inogona kushandiswa kana zvirongwa zvekudzivirira pachikwata cheLo uye chikamu chekona maringe nefrequency zvakapihwa.Mifananidzo 9, 10 uye 11 inomiririra macurves akadaro ezvimwe zvinhu zvitatu zvinoshandiswa pano.
Vagadziri vanoda kuvimbisa yakanyanya impedance pamusoro pe25 MHz kusvika 100 MHz frequency range.Inowanikwa bhodhi nzvimbo zvakare 10mm x 5mm uye musimboti unofanirwa kugamuchira #22 awg wire.Referring to Figure 7 for the unit impedance Lo yezvinhu zvitatu zveferrite, kana Figure 8 yekuomesesa kupinza kwezvinhu zvitatu zvakafanana, sarudza iyo 850 μi zvinhu.[5]Uchishandisa girafu iri muMufananidzo 9, iyo Z/Lo yepakati permeability zvinhu ndeye 350 x 108 ohm/H pa 25 MHz.
Nhaurirano yapfuura inofungidzira kuti musimboti wesarudzo icylindrical.Kana ferrite cores ichishandiswa tambo dzeribhoni dzakapfava, tambo dzakasungwa, kana marata ane maburi, kuverenga kweLo kunowedzera kuoma, uye kwakaringana kureba kwepakati penzira uye nhamba dzenzvimbo dzinoshanda dzinofanira kuwanikwa. kuverenga iyo air core inductance .Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nemasvomhu kucheka musimboti uye kuwedzera yakaverengerwa nzira kureba uye magineti nzvimbo kune yega yega slice.Muzviitiko zvese, zvisinei, kuwedzera kana kuderera kweimpedance kuchaenderana nekuwedzera kana kuderera. kureba/kureba kwesimbi yeferrite.[6]
Sezvambotaurwa, vagadziri vazhinji vanotsanangura macores eEMI application maererano neimpedance, asi mushandisi wekupedzisira kazhinji anoda kuziva attenuation.Hukama huripo pakati pezviviri izvi paramita ndeichi:
Hukama uhwu hunoenderana nekusapindirana kweiyo sosi inoburitsa ruzha uye kusagadzikana kwemutoro unogashira ruzha. Aya maitiro kazhinji inhamba dzakaomarara, dzine huwandu hunogona kusingaperi, uye hadziwanikwe nyore kumugadziri.Kusarudza kukosha kwe 1 ohm yemutoro uye sosi impedances, iyo inogona kuitika kana sosi iri switch modhi magetsi uye inotakura akawanda akaderera impedance maseketi, inorerutsa maequation uye inobvumira kuenzanisa kwekuderedzwa kweferrite cores.
Iyo girafu iri mumufananidzo 12 seti yemacurves inoratidza hukama pakati penhovo bead impedance uye attenuation kune akawanda akajairika kukosha kwemutoro pamwe nejenareta impedance.
Mufananidzo 13 idunhu rakaenzana rekukanganisa sosi ine kupikisa kwemukati kweZs.Chiratidzo chekupindira chinogadzirwa neyakatevedzana impedance Zsc yeiyo suppressor musimboti uye inorema impedance ZL.
Mifananidzo 14 uye 15 magirafu e impedance inopesana nekushisa kwezvinhu zvitatu zvakafanana zveferrite.Iyo yakagadzikana yezvigadzirwa izvi ndeye 61 zvinhu zvine 8% kuderedza kuperevedza pa100º C uye 100 MHz.Mukupesana, zvinyorwa makumi mana nematatu zvakaratidza 25 % inodonha mu impedance panguva imwechete uye tembiricha.Ma curves aya, kana apihwa, anogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa iyo yakatarwa kamuri tembiricha impedance kana attenuation pane yakakwirira tembiricha zvinodiwa.
Sezvinoita tembiricha, DC uye 50 kana 60 Hz magetsi ekupa zvinokanganisawo zvakafanana zvekuzvarwa ferrite zvivakwa, izvo zvinozokonzeresa yakaderera core impedance.Mifananidzo 16, 17 uye 18 macurves akajairika anoratidza maitiro ekurerekera pakukanganisa kwechinhu cheferrite. .Iyi mutsara inotsanangura kukanganisa kwe impedance sekushanda kwesimba remunda kune chimwe chinhu sekushanda kwehuwandu.Inofanira kuonekwa kuti mhedzisiro yekusarura inoderera sezvo kuwanda kunowedzera.
Sezvo data iri rakaumbwa, Fair-Rite Products yakaunza zvinhu zviviri zvitsva.Yedu 44 isimbi ye nickel-zinc medium permeability material uye yedu 31 ndeye manganese-zinc high permeability material.
Figure 19 ichirongwa che impedance maringe ne frequency yemabeads ehukuru hwakafanana mu 31, 73, 44 uye 43 zvinhu. The 44 material is an improved 43 material with high DC resistivity, 109 ohm cm, zviri nani thermal shock properties, tembiricha kugadzikana uye. yakakwira Curie tembiricha (Tc). Iyo 44 zvinhu ine yakakwira zvishoma inopesana ne frequency maitiro kana ichienzaniswa neyedu 43 zvinhu. The stationary material 31 inoratidza impedance yakakwirira kudarika 43 kana 44 pamusoro peyero yese frequency range. Iyo 31 yakagadzirirwa kuderedza dimensional resonance dambudziko rinokanganisa kuderera kwemaitiro ekudzvinyirira kwe manganese-zinc cores hombe uye yakashandiswa zvinobudirira kune cable connector suppression cores uye hombe toroidal cores.Mufananidzo 20 is a plot of impedance against frequency for 43, 31, and 73 materials for Fair. -Rite cores ine 0.562 ″ OD, 0.250 ID, uye 1.125 HT.Kana tichienzanisa Mufananidzo 19 uye Mufananidzo 20, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kune madiki cores, kune ma frequency anosvika 25 MHz, 73 zvinhu ndiyo yakanakisa suppressor zvinhu.Nekudaro, sezvo chikamu chepakati chepakati chinowedzera, iyo yakanyanya frequency inoderera.Sezvinoratidzwa mu data muMufananidzo 20, 73 ndiyo yakanakisisa Iyo yakanyanya frequency ndeye 8 MHz.Izvo zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti iyo 31 material inoita zvakanaka mu frequency renji kubva pa8 MHz kusvika 300 MHz.Nekudaro, senge manganese zinc ferrite, iyo 31 zvinhu ine yakaderera vhoriyamu resistivity ye102 ohms -cm, uye yakawanda impedance inoshanduka nekunyanya kushanduka kwekushisa.
Glossary Air Core Inductance - Lo (H) The inductance yaizoyerwa kana musimboti waive neuniform permeability uye kugova kweflux kwakaramba kuripo.General formula Lo= 4π N2 10-9 (H) C1 Ring Lo = .0461 N2 log10 (OD /ID) Ht 10-8 (H) Zviyero zviri mu mm
Attenuation - A (dB) Kuderedzwa kwechiratidzo cheamplitude mukutapurirana kubva kune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe.Iyo chiyero che scalar chekuisa amplitude kune inobuda amplitude, muma decibels.
Core Constant - C1 (cm-1) Huwandu hwemagineti nzira kureba kwechikamu chega chega chedunhu remagineti yakakamurwa nedunhu rinoenderana rechikamu chimwe chete.
Core Constant - C2 (cm-3) Huwandu hwehurefu hwemagineti edunhu rechikamu chimwe nechimwe chedunhu remagineti rakakamurwa neskweya yenzvimbo inoenderana nemagineti yechikamu chimwe chete.
Iyo inoshanda zviyero zveiyo magineti nzira nzvimbo Ae (cm2), iyo nzira kureba le (cm) uye vhoriyamu Ve (cm3) Kune yakapihwa musimboti geometry, inofungidzirwa kuti iyo magineti nzira kureba, nzvimbo yepakati, uye vhoriyamu iyo toroidal core ine zvinhu zvakafanana zvezvinhu seIyo zvinhu zvinofanirwa kunge zvine magineti zvakaenzana neiyo yakapihwa musimboti.
Simba reMunda – H (Oersted) Chiratidzo chinoratidza ukuru hwesimba remunda.H = .4 π NI/le (Oersted)
Flux Density - B (Gaussian) Iyo inoenderana parameter yeiyo induced magineti munharaunda yakajairika kune inoyerera nzira.
Impedance - Z (ohm) Iyo impedance yeferrite inogona kuratidzwa maererano nekuoma kwayo kupinza.Z = jωLs + Rs = jωLo(μs'- jμs") (ohm)
Kurasika Tangent - tan δ Iyo yekurasikirwa tangent yeferrite yakaenzana nekudzokororwa kwedunhu Q.
Kurasika Chinhu - tan δ/μi Kubvisa chikamu pakati pezvinhu zvakakosha zvemagineti flux density uye kusimba kwemunda nekutanga kupenya.
Magnetic Permeability - μ Iyo magineti permeability inotorwa kubva pachiyero cheiyo magineti flux density uye iyo inoshandiswa kushandura simba remunda ...
Amplitude permeability, μa - kana kukosha kwakatarwa kwe flux density yakakura kupfuura kukosha kunoshandiswa kwekutanga kuperetera.
Kushanda Permeability, μe - Kana iyo nzira yemagineti ichivakwa neimwe kana anopfuura emhepo gapu, iyo permeability ndeyekupenya kwekufungidzira homogeneous zvinhu izvo zvinopa kusada kumwe chete.
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